Difference between revisions of "Micro-hydro Power (MHP) Projects - Mitigation and Intervention Techniques - Gully Control"
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► Back to the overview "[[Mitigation and Intervention Techniques Related to Micro-hydro Power (MHP) Projects|Mitigation and Intervention Techniques Related to Micro-hydro Power (MHP) Projects]]" | ► Back to the overview "[[Mitigation and Intervention Techniques Related to Micro-hydro Power (MHP) Projects|Mitigation and Intervention Techniques Related to Micro-hydro Power (MHP) Projects]]" | ||
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=== Stone Checkdams === | === Stone Checkdams === | ||
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| <u>Objectives</u>: A stone checkdam is a structure across the bottom of a gully or a small stream, which '''reduces the velocity of runoff''' and '''prevents the deepening and widening of the gully'''. Sediments accumulated behind a checkdam could be planted with crops or trees/shrubs grass and thus provide additional income to the farmer. | | <u>Objectives</u>: A stone checkdam is a structure across the bottom of a gully or a small stream, which '''reduces the velocity of runoff''' and '''prevents the deepening and widening of the gully'''. Sediments accumulated behind a checkdam could be planted with crops or trees/shrubs grass and thus provide additional income to the farmer. | ||
| [[File:Gully Control.jpg|thumb|left|280px|Gully Control|alt=Gully Control.jpg]] | | [[File:Gully Control.jpg|thumb|left|280px|Gully Control|alt=Gully Control.jpg]] | ||
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=== Brushwood Checkdams<br/> === | === Brushwood Checkdams<br/> === | ||
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− | | style="width: 442px" | <u>Objectives</u>: Brushwood checkdams are vegetative measures constructed with vegetative materials, branches, poles/posts and twigs. Plant species which can easily grow vegetatively through shoot cuttings are ideal for this purpose. The objective of BWs is to '''retain sediments and slowdown runoff''', and enhance the '''revegetation of gully areas'''. They are constructed either in single or double row. Some of the vegetation can be used for fodder. BWs are also ideal to stabilize conservation structures bunds, SS bunds, check dams, bench terraces, road sides, etc. | + | | style="width: 442px;" | <u>Objectives</u>: Brushwood checkdams are vegetative measures constructed with vegetative materials, branches, poles/posts and twigs. Plant species which can easily grow vegetatively through shoot cuttings are ideal for this purpose. The objective of BWs is to '''retain sediments and slowdown runoff''', and enhance the '''revegetation of gully areas'''. They are constructed either in single or double row. Some of the vegetation can be used for fodder. BWs are also ideal to stabilize conservation structures bunds, SS bunds, check dams, bench terraces, road sides, etc. |
− | | style="width: 306px" | [[File:BrushwoodCheckdam.png|thumb|left|230px|Brushwood Checkdam|alt=BrushwoodCheckdam.png]] | + | | style="width: 306px;" | [[File:BrushwoodCheckdam.png|thumb|left|230px|Brushwood Checkdam|alt=BrushwoodCheckdam.png]] |
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=== Gully Reshaping, Filling and Revegetation === | === Gully Reshaping, Filling and Revegetation === | ||
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| [[File:GullyReshapingRevegetation.png|thumb|left|230px|Gully Reshaping Revegetation|alt=GullyReshapingRevegetation.png]] | | [[File:GullyReshapingRevegetation.png|thumb|left|230px|Gully Reshaping Revegetation|alt=GullyReshapingRevegetation.png]] | ||
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=== Sediment Storage and Overflow Earth Dams (SS Dams) for Productive Gully Control<br/> === | === Sediment Storage and Overflow Earth Dams (SS Dams) for Productive Gully Control<br/> === | ||
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*<u>Objectives</u>: SS dams are water harvesting and conservation systems that convert unproductive large and active gullies into productive areas (fertile cultivated or fodder producing areas, mixed plantations, and fruit tree orchards). SS dams are stone-faced earth dams constructed across medium/large size gullies to trap sediments, collect water and divert excess runoff. SS dams accommodate the runoff generated by the catchment located above the gully. The structures are often constructed in series along the gully. It is just like creating a land that does not exist. Contribute significantly '''to protect cultivated lands, arrest gully expansion and recharge water tables'''. Huge potential in Ethiopia - can provide tens of thousand Km of gullies to poor households (small land holders and landless).<br/> | *<u>Objectives</u>: SS dams are water harvesting and conservation systems that convert unproductive large and active gullies into productive areas (fertile cultivated or fodder producing areas, mixed plantations, and fruit tree orchards). SS dams are stone-faced earth dams constructed across medium/large size gullies to trap sediments, collect water and divert excess runoff. SS dams accommodate the runoff generated by the catchment located above the gully. The structures are often constructed in series along the gully. It is just like creating a land that does not exist. Contribute significantly '''to protect cultivated lands, arrest gully expansion and recharge water tables'''. Huge potential in Ethiopia - can provide tens of thousand Km of gullies to poor households (small land holders and landless).<br/> | ||
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=== Sediment Storage and Overflow Soil Bunds (SS Bunds) === | === Sediment Storage and Overflow Soil Bunds (SS Bunds) === | ||
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*<u>Objectives</u>: SS bunds are large and strongly built soil embankments, constructed across gullies, often in series. As for SS dams, their purpose is '''to create a new field for cultivation by allowing and helping the sedimentation (filling) of the space behind each bund'''. After rains, the new fields fill up and retain enough soil and moisture to grow crops. The excess runoff move to the next structure downstream through a spillway.<br/> | *<u>Objectives</u>: SS bunds are large and strongly built soil embankments, constructed across gullies, often in series. As for SS dams, their purpose is '''to create a new field for cultivation by allowing and helping the sedimentation (filling) of the space behind each bund'''. After rains, the new fields fill up and retain enough soil and moisture to grow crops. The excess runoff move to the next structure downstream through a spillway.<br/> | ||
− | | style="width: 248px" | [[File:SedimentStorageOverflowSoilBunds.png|thumb|left|188px|Sediment Storage Overflow Soil Bunds|alt=SedimentStorageOverflowSoilBunds.png]] | + | | style="width: 248px;" | [[File:SedimentStorageOverflowSoilBunds.png|thumb|left|188px|Sediment Storage Overflow Soil Bunds|alt=SedimentStorageOverflowSoilBunds.png]] |
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*[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro Portal on energypedia]] | *[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro Portal on energypedia]] | ||
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= References = | = References = | ||
− | *<span class="reference-text">DESTA, L. | + | *<span class="reference-text">DESTA, L. et al. (2005): Part 1: Community Based Participatory Watershed Development: A Guideline. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.</span><br/> |
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[[Category:Hydro]] | [[Category:Hydro]] |
Revision as of 16:38, 21 January 2015
Overview
► Back to the overview "Mitigation and Intervention Techniques Related to Micro-hydro Power (MHP) Projects"
Gully Control
Stone Checkdams
Objectives: A stone checkdam is a structure across the bottom of a gully or a small stream, which reduces the velocity of runoff and prevents the deepening and widening of the gully. Sediments accumulated behind a checkdam could be planted with crops or trees/shrubs grass and thus provide additional income to the farmer. |
Brushwood Checkdams
Objectives: Brushwood checkdams are vegetative measures constructed with vegetative materials, branches, poles/posts and twigs. Plant species which can easily grow vegetatively through shoot cuttings are ideal for this purpose. The objective of BWs is to retain sediments and slowdown runoff, and enhance the revegetation of gully areas. They are constructed either in single or double row. Some of the vegetation can be used for fodder. BWs are also ideal to stabilize conservation structures bunds, SS bunds, check dams, bench terraces, road sides, etc. |
Gully Reshaping, Filling and Revegetation
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Sediment Storage and Overflow Earth Dams (SS Dams) for Productive Gully Control
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Sediment Storage and Overflow Soil Bunds (SS Bunds)
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Further Information
References
- DESTA, L. et al. (2005): Part 1: Community Based Participatory Watershed Development: A Guideline. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.